study guide

feudalism- a way of life based on the ownership & use of land.

fief-a piece of alnd held by one man

lord-is the one man who holds a fief(a piece of land)

vassal-a man permitted by the lord to use it in retun of services.

knight-heavily armed warriors,wore full body armor,mounted on horese,provided the heart of the kings military force.

chivalry-the code of conduct for the nobility and the knights

heraldry-colorful and unique emblems, sysmbols and designs displayed on armor,sheilds and banners.

castle-heavily fortified dwellings built by nobles.

joust-2 knights fight to knock each other off their horse.

tournament-groups of knights fought a mock battle that lasted an entire day.

manor-estates that belonged to the nobles.

serf-farmers that worked on the manors.

Truce of God-the church forbade fighting from friday through sunday each week.

Peace of God-priest denied the sacraments to persons who robbed churches,took a serf's property or killed a noncombatant during battle.

burg-community of traveling merchants.

middle class-burghers=middle class

trade fair-merchants from all over;towns like leipzig,germany.

guild-developed during this time.(consisted of merchants,artisans and craftsmen)

black death-formof bubonic plague(deadly,very infectious) came from fleas that were on rats.

Chaucer-wrote The Canterbury Tales/recongnized as one of englands greatest poets.

trivium-grammer,rhetoric(the art of speaking) and logic

quadrivium-arithmetic,music,geometry and astronomy.

scholasticism-theology(roman cathilic style) + greek philosophy(like Aristotle)

Brethren of the Common Life-Christian group founded by Gerhard Groote in 1380. all about bible reading,prayer,serving others and personal devotion.

humanism-study of classical languages and classical literature.

patron-ppl who use their own money to support the arts.(ex. the medici family)

Sistine Chapel-michelagelos famous paintings re on the celiing and walls here.also well known for ots marble statues.

Medicis-powerful & influential florentine family/"Godfathers" of the Renaissance/influenced politics & ecomonics from the 1300's until 1700's

Thomas Aquinas-lived 1225-1274,spoke slowly, called a "dumb ox" but had a brilliant mind.

William of Ockham-lived 1285-1349/ educated @ oxford, said bible was ultimate authority.

John Wycliffe-lived 1320-1384/also known as the "morning star of the reformation"/thought popes claim of absolute authority over church was wrong.his followers were called "Lollards".

John Huss-lived 1369-1415/follower of John Wycliff,roman church condemned him and he was burned at the stake.his followers were called "hussites"

Gerhard Groote-he founded brethren of the common life. also founed schools for kids.

Dant-wrote Divine Comedy(one of the few pieces of medievil lit. that is still widely read today)

Petrarch-wrote "Father of Humanism"

Bocaccio-wrote "The Decameron"

Michelangelo-considered the greatest artist of the renaissance,supported by the medici family,,famous pintings are on the walls and celings of the sistine chapel.

Flanders-primary center of trade for wool

Machiavelli-wrote"The Prince"

Giotto-famous articist of the renaissance

DaVinci-aka "Renaissance Man"(one who displays talenst in all fiels) he was a painter,sculptor,musician,inventor,engineer,best remembered for the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper

Prague-oldest german university. founed in 1348