Ch.5 Study Guide

• Sahara- Home of the worlds largest desert
• Nile- Home of the worlds largest river
• Egypt- Northeast corner of Africa; also called "The seed bed of African culture"
• Mizraim- Most ancient name of Egypt; name of one of Ham's sons
• Land of Ham- What the Bible calls Egypt
• Nomes- Small states in Egypt
• Pharaohs- Strong rulers; Kings of Egypt
• Menes- 1st pharaoh of Egypt; united upper and lower Egypt
• "The gift of the Nile"- What Herodotus called Egypt
• Hieroglyphics- Writing system; contains over 700 characters
• Book of the dead- Most important Egyptian book
  
• Memphis- known as Noph in the Hebrew Bible(nothing remains of it but a few things)
• Thebes- Nothing remains except the vast necropolis
• Necropolis- Means city of the dead(one did cemetery)
• Pyramid- Symbolizes Egyptian gov.; Pharaoh=top, Priests/Officials=Sides, Everyone else=Base
• Monarchy- 1 absolute ruler
• Theocracy- Nation under 1 god
• Humanism- Worship a human
• Naturalism- Worship nature
• Polytheism-Many gods
• Egyptian Tombs- Spend a lot of time preparing them for the after life
• Great Pyramids of Cheops- 1 of the wonders of the world; 100,000 workers,20 years to construct; 13 acres, 480 ft. tall, 2.3 million blocks of stone
• King Tut- teenage pharaoh,died at 18 of natural causes, tomb was filled with exquisite treasures
• Mummification- preservation of the bodies of the dead
• 30 Dynasties- what ancient Egyptian history is divided into
• Old Kingdom- Dynasties 3-6
• Pyramids of Giza- Cheops, Khafre and Menkaure built it
• Great Sphinx- Head of a man,body of a lion;Bears likeness of Khafre
• Middle Kingdom- 11th Dynasty
• King Mentuhotep I- Established capital at Thebes
• Hyksos- Asiatic warriors, conquered the middle kingdom
• Ahmose I- drove the hyksos out of Egypt
• New Kingdom- 18th - 20th Dynasty
• Hatshepshut- may have been Moses mother, only female pharoah
• Amenhotep II- Thut's son, may have been pharaoh during the Exodus
• Later New Kingdom- Ramses II = most outstanding Egyptian monarch
  
• Ramses II- most outstanding Egyptian Monarch
• Alexander the Great- Conquered Egypt in 332 B.C.
• Alexandria- Most important city in Alexander's empire
• Lighthouse of Alexandria- 440 Ft. high marble tower; 1 of the wonders of the world